Skip to Main Content
University of York Library
Practical Guides 
Content focus:
Students

  • Students
  • Staff
  • Researchers
 

Referencing styles - a Practical Guide

AMS/LMS

AMS/LMS referencing style

American Mathematical Society & London Mathematical society

Used by: Mathematics (check which you need)

Introduction to AMS referencing style

In-text citations

AMS uses a numbering system for in-text citations. The most common is to add the number of the reference (as it appears in the reference list) in square brackets after the information:

Cinkir established the conjecture in [2] by using [34].


You can also refer to a specific part of a source in a citation:

When K is a number field, Ullmo proved in 1998 that the conjecture holds (cf. [25, Theorem 1.1]).


You might also see citations based on the author name and publication year, like [Ullmo98] or [U98]

Reference list

The reference list at the end of the document includes the full details of each source so the reader can find them themselves. It is ordered alphabetically by author name and then numbered.

All examples from the AMS referencing style guide linked below.

Useful resources

Introduction to LMS referencing style

In-text citations

LMS uses a numbering system for in-text citations, where the number of the reference (as it appears in the reference list) is given in bold type in square brackets after the information:

This has also been found by other methods [4, 8-10, 13].


You can also refer to specific sections, theorems, figures or chapters in a citation. These are not given in bold type:

...as show by Smith [2, 3.2]  


For more details, see section 6.17.5 of the LMS referencing style guide below.

Reference list

The reference list at the end of the document includes the full details of each source so the reader can find them themselves. It is ordered alphabetically by author name and then numbered.

All examples from the LMS referencing style guide linked below.

Useful resources

Questions about referencing?

Contact your Faculty Librarians if you have any questions about referencing.