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Study & revision: a Practical Guide

Active Recall

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Active Recall

Active recall is the practice of actively stimulating memory recall during the learning process.


What is Active Recall?


Unlike passive study methods (e.g., reading or watching lectures), which focus on inputting information into the brain, active recall forces the brain to pull information out, aiding in stronger memorisation and comprehension.


There are many different strategies and ways of doing active recall:

Flashcards

Use flashcards with questions on one side and answers on the other to enhance memory recall. This method is effective for memorising terms, concepts, and short information.


Pros of this study strategy:

  • Writing your own flashcards can significantly boost understanding and retention, making it a top study technique.
  • Flashcards are versatile and suitable for various subjects and types of information, including diagrams and key facts.
  • Flashcards are convenient for studying anywhere, anytime, supporting continuous learning.


Digital tools

You could make flashcards with paper or card, or use something like Microsoft Word or PowerPoint. There are also purpose-made flashcard tools:

Disclaimer: The University does not have an agreement with any of the apps listed below and you should use them with caution. Do not store any sensitive data in them.

Study with others

  • Engage in Q&A sessions with friends, they will likely have different opinions, perspectives, and notes from yours.
  • Use group study to break monotony, including coffee breaks to refresh.
  • Commit to a study schedule with peers, reducing procrastination.
  • Assign topics within a group, teaching each other to reinforce knowledge.
  • Explain topics to others, utilising simple terms to solidify understanding.
    • See our guide on the Feynman Technique:

Practice testing: Past papers and mock exams

Are you studying for an exam? Completing past papers and mock exams for self-assessment can be a powerful form of active recall.

Practice under timed conditions to mimic exam scenarios.

 

Pros of this study strategy:

  • Enhances exam preparedness by identifying weak areas for focused study.
  • It helps in memorising, retaining, and understanding topics more efficiently.


Additional resources

Self-testing: Write your own questions

Creating your own questions (especially if you can’t access past papers) is a great way to learn the material. It helps you remember the material and prepares you for potential exam questions.


How to make your own questions

  • Look for end-of-chapter questions in textbooks.
  • Go through lecture materials and look for questions.
  • Make questions using learning objectives.
  • Search online for study questions related to your topics.


Advantages and disadvantages of Active Recall

Advantages

  • Enhances cognitive aspects of learning.
  • Improves long-term memory of material.
  • Promotes efficient learning and focused attention.

Disadvantages

  • It is time-consuming to create study materials like flashcards.
  • It is possible to anticipate questions and answers, mimicking passive learning.
  • Risk of studying facts in isolation without understanding their interconnections.